How to Verify Property Documents Before Buying

verify property documents

Buying a property is one of the biggest investments you can make in your life. Whether it’s a house, apartment, or land, you want to make sure that your investment is safe, legal, and secure. One of the most important steps in property buying is verifying the property documents. Many people rush into buying without checking the documents, and this can lead to fraud, disputes, or even losing the property entirely.

Here’s a simple guide on how to verify property documents before buying.

1. Ask for the Original Documents

The first thing you need to do is request the original property documents from the seller. Never rely on photocopies alone. Original documents give you the chance to check for authenticity and prevent forgery.

Some key documents to ask for include:

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) – This is issued by the government and proves ownership of the land.

• Governor’s Consent (if applicable) – For some properties, especially lands, consent from the state governor is required before the sale.

• Survey Plan – A professional survey shows the exact size, boundaries, and location of the property.

• Deed of Assignment / Sale Agreement – This proves the seller has legally transferred ownership to you.

• Tax Clearance Receipts – Shows that the property has no outstanding taxes.

2. Check the Land Title

A valid land title is proof that the person selling the property truly owns it. There are different types of land titles:

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) – Common in Nigeria, issued for private land.

• Governor’s Consent – Usually accompanies a C of O.

• Deed of Assignment – Shows that the land has been legally transferred from one owner to another.

Make sure the names on all documents match the seller. If the name on the deed is different from the seller’s, be cautious.

3. Visit the Lands Registry

To be 100% sure, you should visit the local Lands Registry or Land Office. Here, you can:

• Confirm that the property exists in the government records.

• Check that the seller is the registered owner.

• Ensure there are no disputes or legal issues attached to the property.

This step is crucial because sometimes properties are sold multiple times or are involved in family disputes.

4. Check for Encumbrances: verify property documents

An encumbrance is any legal claim, restriction, or debt attached to a property. Before buying, make sure the property is free from encumbrances.

You can check this by:

• Asking for a search report from the Lands Registry.

• Ensuring there are no mortgages, liens, or unpaid taxes on the property.

5. Verify the Survey Plan: verify property documents

The survey plan shows the boundaries and exact size of the land. You should:

• Compare the survey plan with the physical site to confirm boundaries.

• Check that there are no overlaps with neighboring properties.

• Make sure the surveyor is licensed and recognized by the Surveyors Council of Nigeria.

6. Confirm the Identity of the Seller

Always verify the identity of the person selling the property. Ask for:

• Government-issued ID (Driver’s License, National ID, International Passport)

• Contact information and address

• Proof of ownership matching the property documents

This helps prevent fraud and ensures that the person selling the property is legitimate.

7. Hire a Property Lawyer: verify property documents

Even if you’ve done all the checks, it’s wise to hire a professional property lawyer. A lawyer can:

• Review all documents for authenticity

• Ensure the transaction is legally binding

• Protect you from hidden risks

A property lawyer adds an extra layer of safety to your investment.

8. Use a Verified Real Estate Platform

To make your property buying safer and faster, consider using a trusted property platform. Platforms like Tujax.com.ng offer verified listings, legal support, and assistance in checking all documents. You can also chat with experts directly on WhatsApp for guidance: https://wa.me2348111055633

Buying property is a major decision, and verifying property documents is non-negotiable. Checking the original documents, visiting the lands registry, confirming ownership, and hiring a property lawyer can save you from fraud and costly mistakes.

At Tujax.com.ng, we help property buyers verify documents, find trusted sellers, and invest safely. Whether you are buying land or a house, our experts ensure that your investment is secure.

Frequently Asked Questions

FAQ 1: How do I verify property ownership in Nigeria?

Answer:
To verify property ownership in Nigeria, start by asking for the original property documents such as the Certificate of Occupancy (C of O), Deed of Assignment, and Survey Plan. Visit the local Lands Registry to confirm the property exists in government records and that the seller is the registered owner. Ensure the property is free from disputes or encumbrances. Consulting a professional property lawyer can also help verify authenticity and prevent fraud.

FAQ 2: What documents should I check before buying a property?

Answer:
Before buying a property, check these essential documents:

1. Certificate of Occupancy (C of O) – proves ownership.

2. Governor’s Consent – needed for land transfers in Nigeria.

3. Survey Plan – shows boundaries and size of the land.

4. Deed of Assignment / Sale Agreement – confirms legal transfer.

5. Tax Clearance Receipts – ensures no unpaid taxes.
   These documents help ensure your property purchase is safe and legal.

FAQ 3: How can I avoid buying a fake property in Nigeria?

Answer:
To avoid buying a fake property, always verify the original documents, visit the Lands Registry, and confirm the seller’s identity. Check for encumbrances, disputes, or multiple sales of the property. Hiring a licensed property lawyer and using a trusted real estate platform like Tujax.com.ng adds an extra layer of security.

FAQ 4: Why is checking the survey plan important before buying land?

Answer:
A survey plan shows the exact boundaries, size, and location of the property. Checking it ensures your land does not overlap with neighbors’ properties and matches the physical site. Always use a survey plan certified by a licensed surveyor to avoid future disputes.

FAQ 5: Can Tujax help verify property documents before buying?

Answer:
Yes! Tujax.com.ng helps property buyers verify documents, confirm ownership, and avoid fraud. Our experts guide you through checking Certificates of Occupancy, Deed of Assignment, Survey Plans, and more. You can also contact us directly on WhatsApp: https://wa.me2348111055633 for professional property verification services.